The Drawbacks of Baromembrane Water Treatment Technologies and Methods Used around the World for Eliminating Them
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2020-4-98-112Keywords:
baromembrane methods, fouling, concentrate, chemical treatment, waste effluent disposalAbstract
The critical problems encountered during the operation of baromembrane plants, namely, deposits on the membranes and a large amount of concentrate effluents, are discussed in detail. The deposits on membranes are subdivided into organic, inorganic, colloidal and microbiological. For each type of deposit, its physical and chemical properties and formation mechanisms are described in detail. The deposit control methods are presented. The list of key solutions includes, in particular, water pretreatment measures, such as conventional pretreatment methods, including coagulation, clarification, flocculation, oxidation, and adsorption, and membrane methods, including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration. Combined use of conventional and membrane methods is the most efficient pre-treatment technique. The pre-treatment efficiency is closely linked with the types of agents (coagulants, adsorbents, oxidizers, etc.), dosage, dosing regimes (batch or continuous), dosage point, mixing methods, temperature, properties (hydrophobicity, charge density, molecular weight and molecule sizes) of aqueous impurities (colloidal or dissolved, organic or inorganic), solution medium (pH and ionic strength), and membrane characteristics (membrane charge, hydrophobicity, and surface morphology). Physical and chemical methods for removing membrane contaminations are outlined, classification of washing chemical reagents is given, and the mechanisms of their influence on various types of deposits are described. Recommendations on selecting the reagents are proposed. To solve the wastewater disposal problem, the methods for reducing the baromembrane concentrate volume have been analyzed, including the known ones and those used at thermal power facilities in Russia. The zero-waste effluent water treatment scheme for the Kazan CHPP-2 is considered as a model of a closed water utilization system based on the use of membrane technologies. A thorough preliminary analysis, mathematical, physical and chemical calculations, and modeling the operation of plants, all based on worldwide scientific experience are the key to successful operation of the equipment with high economic indicators.
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Для цитирования: Филимонова А.А., Аракелян Э.К., Чичирова Н.Д., Чичиров А.А., Саитов С.Р., Бускин Р.В. Недостатки баромембранных методов водоподготовки и способы их устранения в мировой практике // Вестник МЭИ. 2020. № 4. С. 98—112. DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2020-4-98-112.
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49. Qiao X. e. a. Coagulation Pretreatment for a Large-scale Ultrafiltration Process Treating Water from the Taihu River . Desalination. 2008;230;1—3:305—313.
50. Young Hong L.I., Wang J., Zhang W., Zhang X.J., Chen C. Effects of Coagulation on Submerged Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling Caused by Particles and Natural Organic Matter (NOM). Chinese Sci. Bull. 2011; 56:584—590.
51. Liang H., Gong W., Chen J., Li G. Cleaning of Fouled Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane by Algae During Reservoir Water Treatment. Desalination. 2008;220;1—3:267—272.
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54. Campinas M., Rosa M.J. Assessing PAC Contribution to the NOM Fouling Control in PAC/UF Systems. Water Research. 2010;44;5:1636—1644.
55. Choo K.-H., Lee H., Choi S.-J. Iron and Manganese Removal and Membrane Fouling During UF in Conjunction with Prechlorination for Drinking Water Treatment. J. Membr. Sci. 2005; 267(1):18—26.
56. Wang X., Wang L., Liu Y., Duan W. Ozonation Pretreatment for Ultrafiltration of the Secondary Effluent. J. Membr. Sci. 2007;287(2):187—191.
57. Farahbakhsh K., Svrcek C., Guest R.K., Smith D.W. A Review of the Impact of Chemical Pretreatment on Low Pressure Water Treatment Membranes. J. Environ. Eng. Sci. 2004;3(4):237—253.
58. You S.H., Hsu W.C., Tseng D.H. Effect and Mechanism of Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling Removal by Ozonation. Desalination. 2006;202:224—230.
59. Kim J., Davies S.H.R., Baumann M.J., Tarabara V.V., Masten S.J. Effect of Ozone Dosage and Hydrodynamic Conditions on the Permeate Flux in a Hybrid Ozonation — Ceramic Ultrafiltration System Treating Natural Waters. J. Membr. Sci. 2008;311;1—2:165—172.
60. Vrouwenvelder J.S., van der Kooij D. Diagnosis of Fouling Problems of NF and RO Membrane Installations by a Quick Scan. Desalination 2003;153;1—3:121—124.
61. Sweity A., Oren Y., Ronen Z., Herzberg M. The Influence of Antiscalants on Biofouling of RO Membranes in Seawater Desalination. Water Research. 2013;47(10): 3389—3398.
62. Vrouwenvelder J.S. e. a. Phosphate Limitation to Control Biofouling. Water Research. 2010;44(11):3454—3466.
63. Sohrabi M.R., Madaeni S.S., Khosravi M., Ghaedi A.M. Chemical Cleaning of Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Membranes Fouled by Licorice Aqueous Solutions. Desalination. 2011;267(1):93—100.
64. Qin J.J., Oo M.H., Kekre K.A., Liberman B. Development of Novel Backwash Cleaning Technique for Reverse Osmosis in Reclamation of Secondary Effluent. J. Membr. Sci. 2010;346(1):8—14.
65. Li Y.-S., Shi L.-C., Gao X., Huang J.-G. Cleaning Effects of Oxalic Acid Under Ultrasound to the Used Reverse Osmos is Membranes with an Online Cleaning and Monitoring System. Desalination. 2016;390:62—71.
66. She Q., Wang R., Fane A.G., Tang C.Y. Membrane Fouling in Osmotically Driven Membrane Processes: a Review. J. Membr. Sci. 2016;499:201—233.
67. Joo S.H., Tansel B. Review Novel Technologies for Reverse Osmosis Concentrate Treatment. J. Environmental Management. 2015;150:322—335
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For citation: Filimonova A.A., Arakelyan E.K., Chichirova N.D., Chichirov A.A., Saitov S.R., Buskin R.V. The Drawbacks of Baromembrane Water Treatment Technologies and Methods Used around the World for Eliminating Them. Bulletin of MPEI. 2020;4:98—112. (in Russian). DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2020-4-98-112.
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Для цитирования: Филимонова А.А., Аракелян Э.К., Чичирова Н.Д., Чичиров А.А., Саитов С.Р., Бускин Р.В. Недостатки баромембранных методов водоподготовки и способы их устранения в мировой практике // Вестник МЭИ. 2020. № 4. С. 98—112. DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2020-4-98-112.
#
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24. Jegatheesan V. Effects of Natural Organic Compounds on the Removal of Organic Carbon in Coagulation and Flocculation Processes. Water Sci. Technol. Water Suppl. 2002;2(5—6):473—479.
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26. Yuan W., Zydney A.L. Humic Acid Fouling During Microfiltration. J. Membrane Sci. 1999;157:1—12.
27. Flemming H.C. Antifouling Strategies in Technical Systems − a Short Review. Water Sci. Technol. 1996;34(5—6):517—524.
28. Fan L., Harris J.L., Roddick F.A., Booker N.A. Influence of the Characteristics of Natural Organic Matter on the Fouling of Microfiltration Membranes. Water Research. 2001;35:4455—4463.
29. Bellona C. Factors Affecting the Rejection of Organic Solutes During NF/RO Treatment — a Literature Review. Water Research. 2004;38;12:2795—2809.
30. Schneider R.P. Analysis of Foulant Layer in All Elements of an RO train. J. Member Sci. 2005;261;1—2: 152—162.
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For citation: Filimonova A.A., Arakelyan E.K., Chichirova N.D., Chichirov A.A., Saitov S.R., Buskin R.V. The Drawbacks of Baromembrane Water Treatment Technologies and Methods Used around the World for Eliminating Them. Bulletin of MPEI. 2020;4:98—112. (in Russian). DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2020-4-98-112.
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2019-11-10
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Thermal Power Stations, Their Power Systems and Units (05.14.14)
