Selection and Optimization of Hybrid Power Systems in Remote Areas of China
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2022-4-40-58Keywords:
hybrid power system, renewable energy sources, optimizationAbstract
Providing electricity to remote areas is one of the most important measures to improve the living conditions of local inhabitants. Clean and reliable ways of electricity generation to meet the electricity demands of residents in remote areas of China are considered proceeding from resource, technical and economic factors. To minimize the total net present cost (NPC) and levelized cost of energy (COE), a hybrid power system comprising a diesel power plant (DPP), a solar photovoltaic plant (SPPP), a wind power plant (WPP), and a pumped storage power plant (PSPP) has been designed by using the HOMER software to meet the electricity demands of residents in Xiaoqindao Township (Chandao County, China). The system includes a 150 kW DPP 1, a 140 kW DPP 2, a 529 kW SPPP, a 50 kW WPP, a 200 kW PSPP (with the upper reservoir volume equal to 10000 m3 and head equal to 98 m), and a 201 kW inverter. The renewable sources account for 91.6% of the hybrid power system total electricity output. Along with meeting the electricity demands of residents, the hybrid system efficiently reduces the pollutant emissions caused by electricity consumption, which is important for efficient use of renewable energy in remote areas.
References
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---
Для цитирования: Хе Хайян, Тягунов М.Г., Ту Рейн Мин. Выбор и оптимизация гибридных энергетических систем в отдалённых районах Китая // Вестник МЭИ. 2022. № 4. С. 40—58. DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2022-4-40-58
#
1. Manowska A., Nowrot A. The Importance of Heat Emission Caused by Global Energy Production in Terms of Climate Impact. Energies. 2019;12(16):3069.
2. Sahu S.K. e. a. Contributions of Power Generation to Air Pollution and Associated Health Risks in India: Current Status and Control Scenarios. J. Cleaner Production. 2020;288:125587.
3. Global CO2 emissions in 2019 [Electron. Resurs] www.iea.org/articles/global-co2-emissions-in-2019 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
4. Sustainable Energy for All [Electron. Resurs] www.sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdinaction/se4all (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
5. Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021 [Electron. Resurs] www.irena.org/publications/2021/March/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2021 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
6. Net Zero by 2050_A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector [Electron. Resurs] www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
7. Wang H., Yang X., Xu X., Fei L. Exploring Opportunities and Challenges of Solar PV Power under Carbon Peak Scenario in China: A PEST Analysis. Energies. 2021;14(11):3061.
8. Ji L., Liang X., Xie Y., Huang G., Wang B. Optimal Design and Sensitivity Analysis of the Stand-alone Hybrid Energy System with PV and Biomass-CHP for Remote Villages. Energy. 2021;225:120323.
9. Nair A., Murali K., Anbuudayasankar S., Arjunan C.V. Modelling and Optimising the Value of a Hybrid Solar-wind System. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Sci. and Eng. 2017;197:012035.
10. Moghaddam S., Bigdeli M., Moradlou M. Optimal Design of an Off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy System Considering Generation and Load Uncertainty: the Case of Zanjan city, Iran. SN Appl. Sci. 2021;3(8):1—15.
11. Umakanta Sahoo e. a. Hybrid Renewable Energy System. N.-Y.: Scrivener Publ. Wiley, 2021:37—275.
12. Overview of Changdao. The Marine Ecological Civilization Comprehensive Experimental Area of Changdao [Electron. Resurs] www.changdao.gov.cn/col/col6411/index.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
13. Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development of Changdao County in 2020. The Marine Ecological Civilization Comprehensive Experimental Area of Changdao [Electron. Resurs] www.changdao.gov.cn/art/2021/7/9/art 30554 2924308.html?xxgkhide=1 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
14. Changdao County Statistical Yearbook (2011—2015). Changdao County Development, Reform and Statistics Bureau [Electron. Resurs] www.changdao.gov.cn/module/download/downfile.jsp?classid=0&showname%20=undefin ed&filename=7e5274d8ddea4fb9847f2a310dfaa39b.pdf (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
15. Yang Zhijia, Li Benchuan, Liu Wenquan. Changdao’s Natural Environment and Exploitation of Resources. Marine Sci. 1987;9(5):23—27.
16. NASA Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy Database [Electron. Resurs] www.asdc.larc.nasa.gov/project/SSE (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
17. Mills A. Simulation of Hydrogen-based Hybrid Systems Using Hybrid2. Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy. 2004;29(10):991—999.
18. Owolabi A.B. e.a. Measurement and Verification Analysis on the Energy Performance of a Retrofit Residential Building after Energy Efficiency Measures Using RETScreen Expert. Alexandria Eng. J. 2020;59(6):4643—4657.
19. Zhang D., Mu S., Chan C.C., Zhou G.Y. Optimization of Renewable Energy Penetration in Regional Energy System. Energy Proc. 2018;152:922—927.
20. Venkataramani G., Ramalingam V. Performance Analysis of a Small Capacity Compressed Air Energy Storage System for Renewable Energy Generation using TRNSYS. J. Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2017;9(4):044106.
21. HOMER Software [Ofits. Sayt] www.homerenergy.com/ (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
22. Total Net Present [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergv.com/products/pro/docs/3.11/total net present cost.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
23. Amutha, W.M., Rajini V. Cost Benefit and Technical Analysis of Rural Electrification Alternatives in Southern India Using HOMER. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 2016;62:236—246.
24. Levelized Cost of Energy [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/3.11/levelized cost of energy.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
25. Li C., Zhou D., Wang H., Cheng H., Li D. Feasibility Assessment of a Hybrid PV/Diesel/Battery Power System for a Housing Estate In The Severe Cold Zone — a Case Study of Harbin, China. Energy. 2019;185(C):671—681.
26. Renewable Fraction [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.eom/products/pro/docs/3.11/ renewable fraction.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
27. Ramli M.A.M., Hiendro A., Twaha S. Economic Analysis of PV/Diesel Hybrid System with Flywheel Energy Storage. Renewable Energy. 2015;78:398—405.
28. Olatomiwa L., Mekhilef S., Huda A.S.N., Ohunakin O.S. Economic Evaluation of Hybrid Energy Systems for Rural Electrification in Six Geo-Political Zones of Nigeria. Renewable Energy. 2015;83:435—446.
29. Jahangiri M., Haghani A., Mostafaeipour A., Khosravi A., Raeisi H.A. Assessment of Solar-wind Power Plants in Afghanistan: a Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 2019;99:169—190.
30. Output of PV Array [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/latest/how homer calculates the pv array po wer output.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
31. Wind Turbine Power Output [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/latest/how homer calculates wind turbine po wer output.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
---
For citation: He Haiyang, Tyagunov M.G., Thu Rein Min. Selection and Optimization of Hybrid Power Systems in Remote Areas of China. Bulletin of MPEI. 2022;4:40—58. (in Russian). DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2022-4-40-58
2. Sahu S.K. e. a. Contributions of Power Generation to Air Pollution and Associated Health Risks in India: Current Status and Control Scenarios // J. Cleaner Production. 2020. V. 288. P. 125587.
3. Global CO2 emissions in 2019 [Электрон. ресурс] www.iea.org/articles/global-co2-emissions-in-2019 (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
4. Sustainable Energy for All [Электрон. ресурс] www.sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdinaction/se4all (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
5. Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021 [Электрон. ресурс] www.irena.org/publications/2021/March/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2021 (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
6. Net Zero by 2050_A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector [Электрон. ресурс] www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050 (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
7. Wang H., Yang X., Xu X., Fei L. Exploring Opportunities and Challenges of Solar PV Power under Carbon Peak Scenario in China: A PEST Analysis // Energies. 2021. V. 14(11). P. 3061.
8. Ji L., Liang X., Xie Y., Huang G., Wang B. Optimal Design and Sensitivity Analysis of the Stand-alone Hybrid Energy System with PV and Biomass-CHP for Remote Villages // Energy. 2021. V. 225. P. 120323.
9. Nair A., Murali K., Anbuudayasankar S., Arjunan C.V. Modelling and Optimising the Value of a Hybrid Solar-wind System // IOP Conf. Series: Materials Sci. and Eng. 2017. V. 197. P. 012035.
10. Moghaddam S., Bigdeli M., Moradlou M. Optimal Design of an Off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy System Considering Generation and Load Uncertainty: the Case of Zanjan city, Iran // SN Appl. Sci. 2021. V. 3(8). Pp. 1—15.
11. Umakanta Sahoo e. a. Hybrid Renewable Energy System. N.-Y.: Scrivener Publ. Wiley, 2021. Pp. 37—275.
12. Overview of Changdao. The Marine Ecological Civilization Comprehensive Experimental Area of Changdao [Электрон. ресурс] www.changdao.gov.cn/col/col6411/index.html (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
13. Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development of Changdao County in 2020. The Marine Ecological Civilization Comprehensive Experimental Area of Changdao [Электрон. ресурс] www.changdao.gov.cn/art/2021/7/9/art 30554 2924308.html?xxgkhide=1 (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
14. Changdao County Statistical Yearbook (2011—2015). Changdao County Development, Reform and Statistics Bureau [Электрон. ресурс] www.changdao.gov.cn/module/download/downfile.jsp?classid=0&showname%20=undefined&filename=7e5274d8ddea4fb9847f2a310dfaa39b.pdf (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
15. Yang Zhijia, Li Benchuan, Liu Wenquan. Changdao’s Natural Environment and Exploitation of Resources // Marine Sci. 1987. V. 9(5). Pp. 23—27.
16. NASA Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy Database [Электрон. ресурс] www.asdc.larc.nasa.gov/project/SSE (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
17. Mills A. Simulation of Hydrogen-based Hybrid Systems Using Hybrid2 // Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy. 2004. V. 29(10). Pp. 991—999.
18. Owolabi A.B. e.a. Measurement and Verification Analysis on the Energy Performance of a Retrofit Residential Building after Energy Efficiency Measures Using RETScreen Expert // Alexandria Eng. J. 2020. V. 59(6). Pp. 4643—4657.
19. Zhang D., Mu S., Chan C.C., Zhou G.Y. Optimization of Renewable Energy Penetration in Regional Energy System // Energy Proc. 2018. V. 152. Pp. 922—927.
20. Venkataramani G., Ramalingam V. Performance Analysis of a Small Capacity Compressed Air Energy Storage System for Renewable Energy Generation using TRNSYS // J. Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2017. V. 9(4). P. 044106.
21. HOMER Software [Офиц. сайт] www.homerenergy.com/ (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
22. Total Net Present [Электрон. ресурс] www.homerenergv.com/products/pro/docs/3.11/total net present cost.html (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
23. Amutha, W.M., Rajini V. Cost Benefit and Technical Analysis of Rural Electrification Alternatives in Southern India Using HOMER // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 2016. V. 62. Pp. 236—246.
24. Levelized Cost of Energy [Электрон. ресурс] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/3.11/levelized cost of energy.html (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
25. Li C., Zhou D., Wang H., Cheng H., Li D. Feasibility Assessment of a Hybrid PV/Diesel/Battery Power System for a Housing Estate In The Severe Cold Zone — a case Study of Harbin, China // Energy. 2019. V. 185(C). Pp. 671—681.
26. Renewable Fraction [Электрон. ресурс] www.homerenergy.eom/products/pro/docs/3.11/ renewable fraction.html (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
27. Ramli M.A.M., Hiendro A., Twaha S. Economic Analysis of PV/Diesel Hybrid System with Flywheel Energy Storage // Renewable Energy. 2015. V. 78. Pp. 398—405.
28. Olatomiwa L., Mekhilef S., Huda A.S.N., Ohunakin O.S. Economic Evaluation of Hybrid Energy Systems for Rural Electrification in Six Geo-Political Zones of Nigeria // Renewable Energy. 2015. V. 83. Pp. 435—446.
29. Jahangiri M., Haghani A., Mostafaeipour A., Khosravi A., Raeisi H.A. Assessment of Solar-wind Power Plants in Afghanistan: a Review // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 2019. V. 99. Pp. 169—190.
30. Output of PV Array [Электрон. ресурс] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/latest/how homer calculates the pv array po wer output.html (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
31. Wind Turbine Power Output [Электрон. ресурс] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/latest/how homer calculates wind turbine po wer output.html (дата обращения 25.01.2022).
---
Для цитирования: Хе Хайян, Тягунов М.Г., Ту Рейн Мин. Выбор и оптимизация гибридных энергетических систем в отдалённых районах Китая // Вестник МЭИ. 2022. № 4. С. 40—58. DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2022-4-40-58
#
1. Manowska A., Nowrot A. The Importance of Heat Emission Caused by Global Energy Production in Terms of Climate Impact. Energies. 2019;12(16):3069.
2. Sahu S.K. e. a. Contributions of Power Generation to Air Pollution and Associated Health Risks in India: Current Status and Control Scenarios. J. Cleaner Production. 2020;288:125587.
3. Global CO2 emissions in 2019 [Electron. Resurs] www.iea.org/articles/global-co2-emissions-in-2019 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
4. Sustainable Energy for All [Electron. Resurs] www.sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdinaction/se4all (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
5. Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021 [Electron. Resurs] www.irena.org/publications/2021/March/Renewable-Capacity-Statistics-2021 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
6. Net Zero by 2050_A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector [Electron. Resurs] www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
7. Wang H., Yang X., Xu X., Fei L. Exploring Opportunities and Challenges of Solar PV Power under Carbon Peak Scenario in China: A PEST Analysis. Energies. 2021;14(11):3061.
8. Ji L., Liang X., Xie Y., Huang G., Wang B. Optimal Design and Sensitivity Analysis of the Stand-alone Hybrid Energy System with PV and Biomass-CHP for Remote Villages. Energy. 2021;225:120323.
9. Nair A., Murali K., Anbuudayasankar S., Arjunan C.V. Modelling and Optimising the Value of a Hybrid Solar-wind System. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Sci. and Eng. 2017;197:012035.
10. Moghaddam S., Bigdeli M., Moradlou M. Optimal Design of an Off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy System Considering Generation and Load Uncertainty: the Case of Zanjan city, Iran. SN Appl. Sci. 2021;3(8):1—15.
11. Umakanta Sahoo e. a. Hybrid Renewable Energy System. N.-Y.: Scrivener Publ. Wiley, 2021:37—275.
12. Overview of Changdao. The Marine Ecological Civilization Comprehensive Experimental Area of Changdao [Electron. Resurs] www.changdao.gov.cn/col/col6411/index.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
13. Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development of Changdao County in 2020. The Marine Ecological Civilization Comprehensive Experimental Area of Changdao [Electron. Resurs] www.changdao.gov.cn/art/2021/7/9/art 30554 2924308.html?xxgkhide=1 (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
14. Changdao County Statistical Yearbook (2011—2015). Changdao County Development, Reform and Statistics Bureau [Electron. Resurs] www.changdao.gov.cn/module/download/downfile.jsp?classid=0&showname%20=undefin ed&filename=7e5274d8ddea4fb9847f2a310dfaa39b.pdf (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
15. Yang Zhijia, Li Benchuan, Liu Wenquan. Changdao’s Natural Environment and Exploitation of Resources. Marine Sci. 1987;9(5):23—27.
16. NASA Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy Database [Electron. Resurs] www.asdc.larc.nasa.gov/project/SSE (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
17. Mills A. Simulation of Hydrogen-based Hybrid Systems Using Hybrid2. Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy. 2004;29(10):991—999.
18. Owolabi A.B. e.a. Measurement and Verification Analysis on the Energy Performance of a Retrofit Residential Building after Energy Efficiency Measures Using RETScreen Expert. Alexandria Eng. J. 2020;59(6):4643—4657.
19. Zhang D., Mu S., Chan C.C., Zhou G.Y. Optimization of Renewable Energy Penetration in Regional Energy System. Energy Proc. 2018;152:922—927.
20. Venkataramani G., Ramalingam V. Performance Analysis of a Small Capacity Compressed Air Energy Storage System for Renewable Energy Generation using TRNSYS. J. Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2017;9(4):044106.
21. HOMER Software [Ofits. Sayt] www.homerenergy.com/ (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
22. Total Net Present [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergv.com/products/pro/docs/3.11/total net present cost.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
23. Amutha, W.M., Rajini V. Cost Benefit and Technical Analysis of Rural Electrification Alternatives in Southern India Using HOMER. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 2016;62:236—246.
24. Levelized Cost of Energy [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/3.11/levelized cost of energy.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
25. Li C., Zhou D., Wang H., Cheng H., Li D. Feasibility Assessment of a Hybrid PV/Diesel/Battery Power System for a Housing Estate In The Severe Cold Zone — a Case Study of Harbin, China. Energy. 2019;185(C):671—681.
26. Renewable Fraction [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.eom/products/pro/docs/3.11/ renewable fraction.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
27. Ramli M.A.M., Hiendro A., Twaha S. Economic Analysis of PV/Diesel Hybrid System with Flywheel Energy Storage. Renewable Energy. 2015;78:398—405.
28. Olatomiwa L., Mekhilef S., Huda A.S.N., Ohunakin O.S. Economic Evaluation of Hybrid Energy Systems for Rural Electrification in Six Geo-Political Zones of Nigeria. Renewable Energy. 2015;83:435—446.
29. Jahangiri M., Haghani A., Mostafaeipour A., Khosravi A., Raeisi H.A. Assessment of Solar-wind Power Plants in Afghanistan: a Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 2019;99:169—190.
30. Output of PV Array [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/latest/how homer calculates the pv array po wer output.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
31. Wind Turbine Power Output [Electron. Resurs] www.homerenergy.com/products/pro/docs/latest/how homer calculates wind turbine po wer output.html (Data Obrashcheniya 25.01.2022).
---
For citation: He Haiyang, Tyagunov M.G., Thu Rein Min. Selection and Optimization of Hybrid Power Systems in Remote Areas of China. Bulletin of MPEI. 2022;4:40—58. (in Russian). DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2022-4-40-58
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Published
2022-02-18
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Section
Renewable Energy Installations (05.14.08)
